QVM Specification
Quantum Virtual Machine. 167 opcodes, compliance engine, plugin architecture
Overview
The QVM is a full EVM-compatible bytecode interpreter with quantum extensions and institutional-grade compliance features. It executes 155 standard EVM opcodes, 10 quantum opcodes for quantum state persistence, and 2 AI opcodes for on-chain reasoning. The QVM supports Solidity smart contracts, QBC-20/QBC-721 token standards, and a plugin architecture for domain-specific functionality.
Verified live (2026-06-12): the production Go implementation runs as chain 3303 with Pebble-backed storage and Merkle Patricia Trie state commitments, executing 46+ enforcing contracts including the 10 Sephirot enforcement contracts and the reward distributor. L2 state roots are anchored to L1 today by a 2-of-3 validator committee (trusted); zkVM validity proofs (SP1) are the designed upgrade.
Quantum Opcodes
| Opcode | Hex | Gas | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| QCREATE | 0xF0 | 5,000+ | Create quantum state (density matrix) |
| QMEASURE | 0xF1 | 3,000 | Measure quantum state (collapse) |
| QENTANGLE | 0xF2 | 10,000 | Create entangled pair between contracts |
| QGATE | 0xF3 | 2,000 | Apply quantum gate to state |
| QVERIFY | 0xF4 | 8,000 | Verify quantum proof |
| QCOMPLIANCE | 0xF5 | 15,000 | Check KYC/AML/sanctions compliance |
| QRISK | 0xF6 | 5,000 | Query SUSY risk score for address |
| QRISK_SYSTEMIC | 0xF7 | 10,000 | Query systemic risk (contagion) |
| QBRIDGE_ENTANGLE | 0xF8 | 20,000 | Cross-chain quantum entanglement |
| QBRIDGE_VERIFY | 0xF9 | 15,000 | Verify cross-chain bridge proof |
| QREASON | 0xFA | 25,000 | On-chain AI reasoning query |
| QPHI | 0xFB | 5,000 | Query current integration Phi value |
Novel Features
Quantum State Persistence (QSP)
Store quantum states as density matrices on-chain
Entanglement-Based Communication (ESCC)
Zero-gas cross-contract state sync
Programmable Compliance Policies (PCP)
VM-level KYC/AML/sanctions enforcement
Real-Time Risk Assessment (RRAO)
SUSY field theory for financial contagion prediction
Quantum-Verified Cross-Chain Proofs (QVCSP)
Instant trustless bridge verification
Performance Targets
Design targets for the execution engine, not measured live network throughput.
45,000 TPS
Simple Transfer
12,000 TPS
ERC-20 Transfer
3,500 TPS
DeFi Swap
< 1 second
Finality
Contract Standards
- QBC-20: Fungible token standard (ERC-20 compatible)
- QBC-721: Non-fungible token standard (ERC-721 compatible)
- ERC-20-QC: Compliance-aware token standard (QVM-specific)